ゞhistorical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)〃

和墮云慕

耶紗慕禰

historical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)- 及16准


梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��

He   must   bee   the   State。      ;Better   one   tyrant�察─  �as   Voltaire   said�察   �than 

many。;      Better stand in fear of one lion far away�察�than of many wolves�察�

each   in   the   nearest   wood。    And   so   arise   those   truly   monstrous   Eastern 

despotisms�察  �of   which   modern   Persia   is�察  �thank   God�察  �the   only   remaining 

specimen�察  �for   Turkey   and   Egypt   are   too   amenable   of   late   years   to   the 

influence of the free nations to be counted as despotisms pure and simple 

despotisms in which men�察�instead of worshipping a God´man�察�worship the 

hideous counterfeit�察�a Man´goda poor human being endowed by public 

opinion      with   the   powers     of  deity�察  �while    he   is  the  slave    of  all  the 

weaknesses of humanity。            But such�察�as an historic fact�察�has been the last 

stage of every civilisation even that of Rome�察�which ripened itself upon 

this earth the last in ancient times�察�and�察�I had almost said�察�until this very 

day�察 �except   among   the   men   who   speak Teutonic   tongues�察  �and   who  have 

preserved through all temptations�察�and reasserted through all dangers�察�the 

free ideas which have been our sacred heritage ever since Tacitus beheld 

us�察�with respect   and awe�察�among our German   forests�察�and saw  in us the 

future masters of the Roman Empire。 

     Yes�察�it is very sad�察�the past history of mankind。              But shall we despise 

those   who   went   before   us�察  �and   on   whose   accumulated   labours   we   now 

stand�拭�

     Shall   we   not   reverence   our   spiritual   ancestors�拭    �Shall   we   not   show 

our reverence by copying them�察�at least whenever�察�as in those old Persians�察�

we    see   in  them    manliness      and   truthfulness�察   �hatred    of  idolatries�察  �and 

devotion to the God of light and life and good�拭                  �And shall we not feel 

pity�察  �instead    of  contempt�察    �for   their  ruder   forms    of   government�察     �their 

ignorances�察�excesses�察�failuresso excusable in men who�察�with little or no 



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previous teaching�察�were trying to solve for themselves for the first time the 

deepest social and political problems of humanity。 

     Yes�察�those old despotisms we trust are dead�察�and never to revive。 But 

their corpses are the corpses�察�not of   our enemies�察�but of our friends  and 

predecessors�察  �slain   in   the   world´old   fight   of   Ormuzd   against   Ahriman 

light against darkness�察�order against disorder。 Confusedly they fought�察�and 

sometimes   ill�此      �but   their   corpses   piled the   breach   and   filled the   trench 

for us�察�and over their corpses we step on to what should be to us an easy 

victorywhat may be to us�察�yet�察�a shameful ruin。 

     For if we be�察�as we are wont to boast�察�the salt of the earth and the light 

of the  world�察 �what   if   the salt should lose  its   savour�拭         �What   if the  light 

which is in us should bee darkness�拭                 �For myself�察�when I look upon 

the    responsibilities     of  the   free  nations    of   modern     times�察   �so  far  from 

boasting of that liberty in which I delightand to keep which I freely�察�too�察�

could dieI rather say�察�in fear and trembling�察�God help us on whom He 

has laid so heavy a burden as to make us free�察�responsible�察�each individual 

of us�察�not only to ourselves�察�but to Him and all mankind。                     For if we fall 

we shall fall I know not whither�察�and I dare not think。 

     How   those   old   despotisms�察  �the   mighty   empires   of   old   time�察  �fell�察  �we 

know�察  �and   we   can   easily  explain。      Corrupt�察  �luxurious�察  �effeminate�察  �eaten 

out by universal selfishness   and mutual fear�察�they  had at last no organic 

coherence。       The     moral    anarchy     within    showed      through�察   �at  last  burst 

through�察�the painted skin of prescriptive order which held them together。 

Some braver and abler�察�and usually more virtuous people�察�often some little�察�

hardy�察  �homely   mountain   tribe�察  �saw   that   the   fruit   was   ripe   for   gathering�察�

and�察�caring naught for superior numbersand saying with German Alaric 

when   the   Romans   boasted   of   their   numbers�察   �The   thicker   the   hay   the 

easier it is mowed;struck one brave blow at the huge inflated wind´bag 

as   Cyrus   and   his   handful   of   Persians   struck   at   the  Medes�察  �as Alexander 

and his handful of Greeks struck afterwards at the Persiansand behold�察�it 

collapsed   upon   the   spot。       And   then   the   victors   took   the   place   of   the 

conquered�察�and became in their turn an aristocracy�察�and then a despotism�察�



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and   in   their   turn   rotted   down   and   perished。     And   so   the   vicious   circle 

repeated itself�察�age after age�察�from Egypt and Assyria to Mexico and Peru。 

     And   therefore�察  �we�察  �free   peoples   as   we   are�察  �have   need   to   watch�察  �and 

sternly watch�察�ourselves。          Equality of some kind or other is�察�as I said�察�our 

natural   and   seemingly   inevitable   goal。        But   which   equality�拭      �For   there 

are   twoa   true   one   and   a   false�察  �a   noble   and   a   base�察  �a   healthful   and   a 

ruinous。      There is the truly divine equality�察�and there is the brute equality 

of sheep and oxen�察�and of flies and worms。                There is the equality which is 

founded   on   mutual   envy。        The   equality   which   respects   others�察  �and   the 

equality which asserts itself。          The equality which longs to raise all alike�察�

and the equality which desires to pull down all alike。                  The equality which 

says�此     �Thou art as good as I�察�and it may be better too�察�in the sight of God。 

And the equality which says�此              �I am as good as thou�察�and will therefore 

see if I cannot master thee。 

     Side by side�察�in the heart of every free man�察�and every free people�察�are 

the two instincts struggling for the mastery�察�called by the same name�察�but 

bearing the same relation to each other as Marsyas to Apollo�察�the Satyr to 

the God。       Marsyas and Apollo�察�the base and the noble�察�are�察�as in the old 

Greek legend�察�contending for the prize。 And the prize is no less a one than 

all free people of this planet。 

     In   proportion      as  that   nobler   idea   conquers�察     �and   men    unite   in   the 

equality of mutual respect and mutual service�察�they move one step farther 

towards   realising   on   earth   that   Kingdom   of   God   of   which   it   is   written�此�

;The   despots   of   the   nations   exercise   dominion   over   them�察  �and   they   that 

exercise authority over them are called benefactors。                    But he that will be 

great among you let him be the servant of all。; 

     And in proportion as that base idea conquers�察�and selfishness�察�not self´ 

sacrifice�察�is the ruling   spirit of a   State�察�men move   on�察�one step   forward�察�

towards   realising   that   kingdom   of   the   devil   upon   earth�察   �Every   man   for 

himself and the devil take the hindmost。; Only�察�alas� �in that evil equality 

of envy and hate�察�there is no hindmost�察�and the devil takes them all alike。 

     And     so   is  a  period    of  discontent�察    �revolution�察    �internecine     anarchy�察�



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followed by a tyranny endured�察�as in old Rome�察�by men once free�察�because 

tyranny will at least do for them what they were too lazy and greedy and 

envious to do for themselves。 

       And all because they have forgot What 'tis to be a manto curb and 

spurn。 The tyrant in us�此         �the
弌戻幣�紺� 指概 [Enter] 囚 卦指慕朕��梓 ○ 囚 卦指貧匯匈�� 梓 ★ 囚 序秘和匯匈。 壘匯和 耶紗慕禰紗秘慕尺