ゞhistorical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)〃

和墮云慕

耶紗慕禰

historical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)- 及30准


梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��

death only�察�for they spread the fablesuch as you may find in Delrio the 

Jesuit's ;Disquisitions on Magic; ��14��that his little pet black dog was a 

familiar spirit�察�as Butler has it in ;Hudibras;�此�

       Agrippa kept a Stygian pug I' the garb and habit of a dog ´ That was 

his taste�察�and the cur Read to th' occult philosopher�察�And taught him subtly 

to maintain All other sciences are vain。 

       Such also was Jerome Cardan�察�the Italian scholar and physician�察�the 



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father   of   algebraic   science   ��you   all   recollect   Cardan's   rule�撮�   believer   in 

dreams�察  �prognostics�察  �astrology�察  �who   died�察  �too�察  �miserably   enough�察  �in   old 

age。 

     Cardan's sad life�察�and that of Cornelius Agrippa�察�you can�察�and ought to 

read for yourselves�察�in two admirable biographies�察�as amusing as they are 

learned�察    �by   Professor      Morley�察    �of  the   London      University。      I   have    not 

chosen either of them as a subject for this lecture�察�because Mr。 Morley has 

so exhausted what is to be known about them�察�that I could tell you nothing 

which I had not stolen from him。 

     But   what   shall   I   say   of   the   most   famous   of   these   menParacelsus�拭�

whose name you surely know。                 He too has been immortalised in a poem 

which you all ought to have read�察�one of Robert Browning's earliest and 

one of his best creations。 

     I   think    we    must    accept    as   true   Mr。    Browning's      interpretation      of 

Paracelsus's character。          We must believe that he was at first an honest and 

high´minded�察�as he was   certainly a   most gifted�察 �man�察�that   he went   forth 

into   the   world�察  �with   an   intense   sense   of   the   worthlessness   of   the   sham 

knowledge of the pedants and quacks of the schools�察�an intense belief that 

some   higher   and   truer   science   might   be   discovered�察  �by   which   diseases 

might      be    actually    cured�察    �and    health�察   �long    life�察  �happiness�察     �all   but 

immortality�察  �be   conferred   on   man�察  �an   intense   belief   that   he�察  �Paracelsus�察�

was   called   and   chosen   by   God   to   find   out   that   great   mystery�察  �and   be   a 

benefactor to all future ages。           That fixed idea might degeneratedid�察�alas� �

degenerateinto wild   self´conceit�察�rash   contempt of   the ancients�察 �violent 

abuse of his opponents。            But there was more than this in Paracelsus。                 He 

had   one   idea   to   which�察  �if   he   had   kept   true�察  �his   life   would   have   been   a 

happier   onethe   firm   belief   that   all   pure   science   was   a   revelation   from 

God�察  �that   it   was   not   to   be   obtained   at   second   or   third   hand�察  �by   blindly 

adhering   to   the   words   of   Galen   or   Hippocrates   or Aristotle�察  �and   putting 

them ��as the scholastic philosophers round him did�� in the place of God�此�

but by going straight to nature at first hand�察�and listening to what Bacon 

calls ;the voice of God revealed in facts。;                True and noble is the passage 



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with which he begins his ;Labyrinthus Medicorum�察─�one of his attacks on 

the false science of his day�察�

     ;The first and highest book of all healing�察─�he says�察 �is called wisdom�察�

and without that book no man will carry out anything good or useful 。 。 。 

And that book is   God Himself。             For in Him  alone who hath created   all 

things�察�the knowledge and principle of all things dwells 。 。 。 without Him 

all is folly。    As the sun shines on us from above�察�so He must pour into us 

from   above   all   arts   whatsoever。   Therefore   the   root   of   all   learning   and 

cognition is�察�that we should seek first the kingdom of Godthe kingdom 

of God in which all sciences are founded 。 。 。 If any man think that nature 

is not founded on the kingdom of God�察�he knows nothing about it。                           All 

gifts�察─�he repeats again and again�察�confused and clumsily ��as is his wont���察�

but with a true earnestness�察 �are from God。; 

     The   true   man   of   science�察  �with   Paracelsus�察  �is   he   who   seeks   first   the 

kingdom of God in facts�察�investigating nature reverently�察�patiently�察�in faith 

believing that God�察�who understands His own work best�察�will make him 

understand   it   likewise。      The   false   man   of   science   is   he   who   seeks   the 

kingdom of this world�察�who cares nothing about the real interpretation of 

facts�此     �but   is   content   with   such   an   interpretation   as   will   earn   him   the 

good   things   of   this   worldthe   red   hat   and   gown�察 �the   ambling   mule�察  �the 

silk    clothes�察   �the  partridges�察    �capons�察    �and   pheasants�察    �the   gold    florins 

chinking in his palm。         At such pretenders Paracelsus sneered�察�at last only 

too    fiercely�察  �not   only   as   men    whose     knowledge      consisted     chiefly    in 

wearing      white   gloves�察   �but   as  rogues�察   �liars�察 �villains�察  �and   every   epithet 

which his very racy vocabulary�察�quickened ��it is to be feared�� by wine and 

laudanum�察�could suggest。           With these he contrasts the true men of science。 

It is difficult for us now to understand how a man setting out in life with 

such pure and noble views should descend at last ��if indeed he did descend�� 

to be a quack and a conjurorand die under the imputation that 

       Bombastes kept a devil's bird Hid in the pommel of his sword�察�

       and   have�察  �indeed�察  �his   very   name�察  �Bombast�察  �used   to   this   day   as   a 

synonym   of   loud�察  �violent�察  �and   empty   talk。       To   understand   it   at   all�察  �we 



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must go back and think a little over these same occult sciences which were 

believed in by thousands during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries。 

     The reverence for classic antiquity�察�you must understand�察�which sprang 

up at the renaissance in the fifteenth century�察�was as indiscriminating as it 

was earnest。       Men caught the trash as well as the jewels。               They put the 

dreams of the Neoplatonists�察�Iamblicus�察�Porphyry�察�or Plotinus�察�or Proclus�察�

on   the   same   level   as   the   sound   dialectic   philosophy   of   Plato   himself。 

And     these   Neoplatonists      were    all�察 �more    or  less�察 �believers    in  magic 

Theurgy�察�as it was calledin the power of charms and spells�察�in the occult 

virtues of herbs and gems�察�in the power of adepts to evoke and mand 

spirits�察  �in   the   significance   of   dreams�察  �in   the   influence   of   the   stars   upon 

men's     characters     and    destinies。    If   the   great    and   wise    philosopher 

Iamblicus   believed such things�察 �why  might   not   the  men   of   the   sixteenth 

century�拭�

     And so grew  up   again   in   Europe   a passion   for   what   were   called   the 

Occult sciences。        It had always been haunting the European imagination。 

Mediaeval   monks   had   long   ago   transformed   the   poet   Virgil   into   a   great 

necromancer。        And there were immense excuses for such a belief。                  There 

was a mass of collateral evidence that the occult sciences were true�察�which 

it was impossible then to resist。 Races far more ancient�察�learned�察�civilised�察�

than any Frenchman�察�German�察�Englishman�察�or even Italian�察�in the fifteenth 

century had believed in these things。             The Moors�察�the best physicians of 

the Middle Ages�察�had their heads full�察�as the ;Arabian Nights; prove�察�of 

enchanters�察     �genii�察  �peris��
弌戻幣�紺� 指概 [Enter] 囚 卦指慕朕��梓 ○ 囚 卦指貧匯匈�� 梓 ★ 囚 序秘和匯匈。 壘匯和 耶紗慕禰紗秘慕尺