ゞhistorical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)〃

和墮云慕

耶紗慕禰

historical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)- 及25准


梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��

describing   a   monkey's   inside   when   he   had   pretended   to   be   describing   a 

man's�察�and thus�察�by impudence and quackery�察�he has wormed himselfthis 

Netherlander�察�a heretic at heart�察�as all Netherlanders are�察�to God as well as 

to   Galeninto   the   confidence   of   the   late   Emperor   Charles   V。�察  �and   gone 

campaigning with him as one of his physicians�察�anatomising human bodies 

even on the battle´field�察�and defacing the likeness of Deity�察�and worse than 

that�察�the most religious King Philip is deceived by him likewise�察�and keeps 

him   in   Madrid   in   wealth   and   honour�察  �and   now�察  �in   the   prince's   extreme 

danger�察�the king has actually sent for him�察�and bidden him try his skilla 

man who knows nothing save about bones and muscles and the outside of 



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the body�察�and is unworthy the name of a true physician。 

     One      can    conceive     the    rage   of   the    old   Spanish      pedants     at  the 

Netherlander's   appearance�察  �and   still   more   at   what   followed�察�if   we   are   to 

believe   Hugo       Bloet   of   Delft�察  �his   countryman   and   contemporary。   ��10�� 

Vesalius�察�he says�察�saw that the surgeons had bound up the wound so tight 

that an abscess had formed outside the skull�察�which could not break�此                          �he 

asserted   that   the   only   hope   lay   in   opening   it�察  �and   did   so�察  �Philip   having 

given leave�察 �by two cross´cuts。               Then the lad returned to himself�察�as if 

awakened from a profound sleep�察�affirming that he owed his restoration to 

life to the German doctor。; 

     Dionysius Daza�察�who was there with the other physicians and surgeons�察�

tells   a   different    story�此     �The     most     learned�察   �famous�察    �and   rare   Baron 

Vesalius�察─  �he   says�察  �advised   that   the   skull   should   be   trepanned�察  �but   his 

advice was not followed。 

     Olivarez's   account   agrees   with   that   of   Daza。         They   had   opened   the 

wounds�察      �he   says�察  �down     to  the   skull   before    Vesalius     came。     Vesalius 

insisted     that   the  injury    lay   inside   the   skull�察  �and    wished     to  pierce    it。 

Olivarez      spends     much     labour    in   proving     that  Vesalius     had   ;no    great 

foundation   for   his   opinion�此─  �but   confesses   that   he   never   changed   that 

opinion      to  the   last�察 �though     all  the  Spanish     doctors     were    against    him。 

Then   on   the   6th�察  �he   says�察  �the   Bachelor   Torres   came   from   Madrid�察  �and 

advised that the skull should be laid bare once more�察�and on the 7th�察�there 

being   still   doubt   whether   the   skull   was   not   injured�察  �the   operation   was 

performedby         whom      it  is  not   saidbut    without     any    good    result�察  �or�察�

according to Olivarez�察�any discovery�察�save that Vesalius was wrong�察�and 

the skull uninjured。 

     Whether   this   second   operation   of   the   7th   of   May   was   performed   by 

Vesalius�察     �and   whether     it  was    that  of   which    Bloet    speaks�察   �is  an   open 

question。       Olivarez's      whole     relation    is   apologetic�察    �written    to   justify 

himself   and   his   seven   Spanish   colleagues�察  �and   to   prove   Vesalius   in   the 

wrong。       Public opinion�察�he confesses�察�had been very fierce against him。 

The   credit   of   Spanish   medicine   was   at   stake�此  �and   we   are   not   bound   to 



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believe implicitly a paper drawn up under such circumstances for Philip's 

eye。    This�察�at least�察�we gather�此�that Don Carlos was never trepanned�察�as is 

monly said�察  �and   this�察 �also�察�that   whichever of   the two   stories   is  true�察�

equally puts Vesalius into direct�察�and most unpleasant�察�antagonism to the 

Spanish doctors。 ��11�� 

     But Don Carlos still lay senseless�察�and yielding to popular clamour�察�the 

doctors called in the aid of a certain Moorish doctor�察�from Valencia�察�named 

Priotarete�察     �whose     unguents�察     �it  was    reported�察    �had    achieved      many 

miraculous   cures。       The   unguent�察  �however�察  �to   the   horror   of   the   doctors�察�

burned   the   skull   till   the   bone   was   as   black   as   the   colour   of   ink�察  �and 

Olivarez declares he believes it to have been a preparation of pure caustic。 

On the morning of the 9th of May�察�the Moor and his unguents were sent 

away�察 �and went to Madrid�察�to send to heaven Hernando de Vega�察�while 

the prince went back to our method of cure。; 

     Considering   what   happened   on   the   morning   of   the   10th   of   May�察  �we 

should now presume that the second opening of the abscess�察�whether by 

Vesalius or someone else�察�relieved the pressure on the brain�察�that a critical 

period     of   exhaustion      followed�察    �probably      prolonged      by   the   Moor's 

premature caustic�察�which stopped the suppuration�此                   �but that God's good 

handiwork�察�called nature�察�triumphed at last�察�and that therefore it came to 

pass that the prince was out of danger within three days of the operation。 

But he was taught�察 �it seems�察�to   attribute his recovery  to a very  different 

source from that of a German knife。             For on the morning of the 9th�察�when 

the    Moor     was    gone�察   �and   Don     Carlos    lay   seemingly      lifeless�察  �there 

descended into his chamber a Deus e machina�察�or rather a whole pantheon 

of   greater   or   lesser   deities�察  �who   were   to   effect   that   which   medical   skill 

seemed      not   to  have    effected。    Philip     sent  into   the   prince's   chamber 

several   of   the   precious   relics   which   he   usually   carried   about   with   him。 

The miraculous image of the Virgin of Atocha�察�in embroidering garments 

for whom�察�Spanish royalty�察�male and female�察�has spent so many an hour 

ere now�察�was brought in solemn procession and placed on an altar at the 

foot    of  the   prince's   bed�察   �and   in  the   afternoon    there   entered�察   �with    a 



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procession likewise�察�a shrine containing the bones of a holy anchorite�察�one 

Fray Diego�察 �whose life and miracles�察─�says Olivarez�察 �are so notorious�此─�

and    the   bones    of  St。  Justus   and    St。  Pastor�察  �the  tutelar   saints   of  the 

university of Alcala。        Amid solemn litanies the relics of Fray Diego were 

laid upon the prince's pillow�察�and the sudarium�察�or mortuary cloth�察�which 

had covered his face�察�was placed upon the prince's forehead。 

     Modern science might object that the presence of so many personages�察�

however   pious   or   well   intentioned�察  �in   a   sick   chamber   on   a   hot   Spanish 

May day�察�especially as the bath had been�察�for some generations past�察�held 

in religious horror throughout Spain�察�as a sign of Moorish and Mussulman 

tendencies�察�might have somewhat interfered with the chances of the poor 

boy's   recovery。   Nevertheless   the   event   seems   to   have   satisfied   Philip's 

highest hopes�察�for that same night ��so Don Carlos afterwards related�� the 

holy   monk   Diego   appeared   to   him   in   a   vision�察  �wearing   the   habit   of   St。 

Francis�察�and bearing in his hand a cross of reeds tied with a green band。 

The prince stated that he first took the apparition to be that of the blessed 

St。 Francis�察�but not seeing the stigmata�察�he exclaimed�察 �How�拭                   �Dost thou 

not bear the marks of the wounds�拭─             �What he replied Don Carlos did not 

recollect�察�save that he consoled him�察�and to
弌戻幣�紺� 指概 [Enter] 囚 卦指慕朕��梓 ○ 囚 卦指貧匯匈�� 梓 ★ 囚 序秘和匯匈。 壘匯和 耶紗慕禰紗秘慕尺