Erasmus's friend�察�at Basle�察�when the doctors were going to cut his leg off。
His fame spread far and wide。 Round Basle and away into Alsace he was
looked on�察�even an enemy says�察�as a new AEsculapius。
But these were days in which in a university everyone was expected to
talk and teach�察�and so Paracelsus began lecturing�察�and then the weakness
which was mingled with his strength showed itself。 He began by burning
openly the books of Galen and Avicenna�察 �and declared that all the old
knowledge was useless。 Doctors and students alike must begin over
again with him。 The dons were horrified。 To burn Galen and Avicenna
was as bad as burning the Bible。 And more horrified still were they when
Paracelsus began lecturing�察 �not in the time´honoured dog´Latin�察 �but in
good racy German�察�which everyone could understand。 They shuddered
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under their red gowns and hats。 If science was to be taught in German�察�
farewell to the Galenists' formulas�察 �and their lucrative monopoly of
learning。 Paracelsus was bold enough to say that he wished to break up
their monopoly�察 �to spread a popular knowledge of medicine。 ;How
much�察─�he wrote once�察 �would I endure and suffer�察�to see every man his
own shepherdhis own healer。; He laughed to scorn their long
prescriptions�察�used the simplest drugs�察�and declared Nature�察�after all�察�to be
the best physicianas a dog�察�he says�察�licks his wound well again without
our help�察�or as the broken rib of the ox heals of its own accord。
Such a man was not to be endured。 They hated him�察�he says�察�for the
same reason that they hated Luther�察�for the same reason that the Pharisees
hated Christ。 He met their attacks with scorn�察 �rage�察 �and language as
coarse and violent as their own。 The coarseness and violence of those
days seem incredible to us now�察�and�察�indeed�察�Paracelsus�察�as he confessed
himself�察�was�察�though of gentle blood�察�rough and unpolished�察�and utterly�察�as
one can see from his writings�察 �unable to give and take�察 �to conciliate
perhaps to pardon。 He looked impatiently on these men who were ��not
unreasonably�� opposing novelties which they could not understand�察 �as
enemies of God�察�who were balking him in his grand plan for regenerating
science and alleviating the woes of humanity�察 �and he outraged their
prejudices instead of soothing them。
Soon they had their revenge。 Ugly stories were whispered about。
Oporinus�察�the printer�察�who had lived with him for two years�察�and who left
him�察�it is said�察�because he thought Paracelsus concealed from him unfairly
the secret of making laudanum�察�told how Paracelsus was neither more nor
less than a sot�察�who came drunk to his lectures�察�used to prime himself with
wine before going to his patients�察�and sat all night in pothouses swilling
with the boors。
Men looked coldly on himlonged to be rid of him。 And they soon
found an opportunity。 He took in hand some Canon of the city from
whom it was settled beforehand that he was to receive a hundred florins。
The priest found himself cured so suddenly and easily that�察�by a strange
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logic�察�he refused to pay the money�察 �and went to the magistrates。 They
supported him�察�and pelled Paracelsus to take six florins instead of the
hundred。 He spoke his mind fiercely to them。 I believe�察 �according to
one story�察 �he drew his long sword on the Canon。 His best friends told
him he must leave the place�察 �and within two years�察 �seemingly�察 �after his
first triumph at Basle�察�he fled from it a wanderer and a beggar。
The rest of his life is a blank。 He is said to have remenced his
old wanderings about Europe�察�studying the diseases of every country�察�and
writing his books�察�which were none of them published till after his death。
His enemies joyfully trampled on the fallen man。 He was a ;dull rustic�察�a
monster�察�an atheist�察�a quack�察�a maker of gold�察�a magician。; When he was
drunk�察�one Wetter�察�his servant�察�told Erastus ��one of his enemies�� that he
used to offer to call up legions of devils to prove his skill�察�while Wetter�察�in
abject terror of his spells�察�entreated him to leave the fiends alonethat he
had sent his book by a fiend to the spirit of Galen in hell�察�and challenged
him to say which was the better system�察�his or Paracelsus'�察�and what not�拭�
His books were forbidden to be printed。 He himself was refused a
hearing�察�and it was not till after ten years of wandering that he found rest
and protection in a little village of Carinthia。
Three years afterwards he died in the hospital of St。 Sebastian at
Salzburg�察 �in the Tyrol。 His death was the signal for empirics and
visionaries to foist on the public book after book on occult philosophy�察�
written in his nameof which you may see ten folios not more than a
quarter�察�I believe�察�genuine。 And these foolish books�察�as much as anything�察�
have helped to keep up the popular prejudice against one who�察�in spite of
all his faults was a true pioneer of science。 ��15�� I believe ��with those
moderns who have tried to do him justice�� that under all his verbiage and
confusion there was a vein of sound scientific�察 �experimental mon
sense。
When he talks of astronomy as necessary to be known by a physician�察�
it seems to me that he laughs at astrology�察�properly so called�察�that is�察�that
the stars influence the character and destiny of man。 Mars�察�he says�察�did not
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make Nero cruel。 There would have been long´ lived men in the world if
Saturn had never ascended the skies�察�and Helen would have been a wanton�察�
though Venus had never been created。 But he does believe that the
heavenly bodies�察�and the whole skies�察�have a physical influence on climate�察�
and on the health of men。
He talks of alchemy�察 �but he means by it�察 �I think�察 �only that sound
science which we call chemistry�察�and at which he worked�察�wandering�察�he
says�察�among mines and forges�察�as a practical metallurgist。
He tells uswhat sounds startling enoughthat magic is the only
preceptor which can teach the art of healing�察�but he means�察�it seems to me�察�
only an understanding of the invisible processes of nature�察�in which sense
an electrician or a biologist�察�a Faraday or a Darwin�察�would be a magician�察�
and when he pares medical magic to the Cabalistic science�察�of which I
spoke just now ��and in which he seems to have believed���察�he only means�察�I
think�察�that as the Cabala discovers hidden meaning and virtues in the text
of Scripture�察 �so ought the man of science to find them in the book of
nature。 But this kind of talk�察�wrapt up too in the most confused style�察�or
rather no style at all�察�is quite enough to account for ignorant and envious
people accusing him of magic�察 �saying that he had discovered the
弌戻幣�紺� 指概 [Enter] 囚 卦指慕朕��梓 ○ 囚 卦指貧匯匈�� 梓 ★ 囚 序秘和匯匈。
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